Visualization always faces the same conflict: unlimited data, limited screen. Charts are structurally complex, data volume is unpredictable, page sizes vary, and the people wiring up charts are usually engineers without visualization training who cannot modify the underlying component anyway. Designers responded by patching individual cases. That never scales.可视化永远面对同一个冲突：无限的数据，有限的屏幕。图表本身构成复杂，数据体量不可预知，页面尺寸多变，而接图表的人通常是没有可视化训练的工程师，也没法改底层组件。设计师的应对是逐个修补，这永远不可规模化。

The reframe: stop designing charts. Design the rules a chart follows, in a form engineers can implement and non-designers can trust by default.换一个框架：不再设计图表本身，而是设计图表遵循的规则，并且是工程师能实现、非设计师能默认信任的形式。

Two principles that guided every rule指导每一条规则的两个原则

• MACROCore information first. A line chart must still read as a trend, a bar chart as a ranking, a pie as a share, at any size.核心信息优先。折线图在任何尺寸下都得读出趋势，柱图读出排名，饼图读出占比。
• MICROWhen space runs out, keep the graphic's character and move details into interaction. Nothing is lost, only deferred.空间不够时，保留图形特征，把细节移到交互里。信息不丢失，只是延后。